Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is classified as a pain-causing temporomandibular disorder (TMD). TMJ OA is typified by TMJ pain and degradation of the articular surface. Presently, the etiology and pathogenesis of TMJ OA remain unclear. Diagnosis is achieved via clinical and radiographic examinations to reveal the changes of the TMJ. Functional efficiency of the TMJ in TMJ OA patients is negatively impacted due to pain and crepitus sound during jaw movement. Contemporary studies focus on identifying the contributing factors and the pathogenesis of TMJ OA including accurate diagnosis, which will assist treatment planning to reduce pain and restore normal TMJ function.
de Leeuw R, Klasser GD. Diagnosis and management of TMDs orofacial pain: guidelines for assessment, diagnosis, and management. 5 ed. Illinois: Quintessence; 2013: 127-186.
Prevalence of TMJD and its signs and symptoms [URL of homepage on the internet] Washington: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; [updated 2014 Mar 7; cited 2017 Jul 10]. Available from: https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/DataStatistics/FindDataB...
PrevalenceTMJD.htm.
Schiffman E, Ohrbach R, Truelove E, et al. Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) for clinical and research applications: recommendations of the international RDC/TMD consortium network* and orofacial pain special interest groupdagger. J Oral Facial Pain Headache 2014; 28(1): 6-27.
Liu F, Steinkeler A. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of temporomandibular disorders. Dent Clin North Am 2013; 57(3): 465-479.
Kalladka M, Quek S, Heir G, Eliav E, Mupparapu M, Viswanath A. Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: diagnosis and long-term conservative management: a topic review. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2014; 14(1): 6-15.
Clark GT, Dionne RA. Orofacial pain: a guide to medications and management. Hoboken: Wiley; 2012. 3-28.
Rollman A, Visscher CM, Gorter RC, Naeije M. Care seeking for orofacial pain. J Orofac Pain 2012; 26(3): 206-214.
Kamelchuk LS, Major PW. Degenerative disease of the temporomandibular joint. Journal of orofacial pain 1995; 9(2): 168-180.
Mercuri LG. Osteoarthritis, osteoarthrosis, and idiopathic condylar resorption. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2008; 20(2): 169-183, v-vi.
Okeson JP. Management of Temporomandibular Disorders and Occlusion: Mosby Elsevier; 2008.
Tanaka E, Detamore MS, Mercuri LG. Degenerative disorders of the temporomandibular joint: etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. J Dent Res 2008; 87(4): 296-307.
Wang XD, Zhang JN, Gan YH, Zhou YH. Current understanding of pathogenesis and treatment of TMJ osteoarthritis. J Dent Res 2015; 94(5): 666-673.
Al-Ekrish AA, Al-Juhani HO, Alhaidari RI, Alfaleh WM. Comparative study of the prevalence of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritic changes in cone beam computed tomograms of patients with or without temporomandibular disorder. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2015; 120(1): 78-85.
Zhao YP, Zhang ZY, Wu YT, Zhang WL, Ma XC. Investigation of the clinical and radiographic features of osteoarthrosis of the temporomandibular joints in adolescents and young adults. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011; 111(2): e27-34.
Kapila S, Wang W, Uston K. Matrix metalloproteinase induction by relaxin causes cartilage matrix degradation in target synovial joints. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1160: 322-328.
Wang XD, Kou XX, Meng Z, et al. Estrogen aggravates iodoacetate-induced temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. J Dent Res 2013; 92(10): 918-924.
Yasuoka T, Nakashima M, Okuda T, Tatematsu N. Effect of estrogen replacement on temporomandibular joint remodeling in ovariectomized rats. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2000; 58(2): 189-96; discussion 96-97.
Schmitter M, Essig M, Seneadza V, Balke Z, Schroder J, Rammelsberg P. Prevalence of clinical and radiographic signs of osteoarthrosis of the temporomandibular joint in an older persons community. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2010; 39(4): 231-234.
Chopra A, Abdel-Nasser A. Epidemiology of rheumatic musculoskeletal disorders in the developing world. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2008; 22(4): 583-604.
Cömert Kilic S, Kilic N, Sumbullu MA. Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: cone beam computed tomography findings, clinical features, and correlations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 44(10): 1268-1274.
Aliko A, Ciancaglini R, Alushi A, Tafaj A, Ruci D. Temporomandibular joint involvement in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 40(7): 704-709.
Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H. Gray's Anatomy for Students: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier; 2010. 920-939.
Norton NS. Netter's Head and Neck anatomy for Dentistry. Norton NS, editor. Philadelphia: Saunders Elesvier; 2007. 255-265.
Nanci A. Ten Cate's Oral Histology: Development, Structure, and Function: Elsevier; 2013.
Arnett GW, Milam SB, Gottesman L. Progressive mandibular retrusion--idiopathic condylar resorption. Part I. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1996; 110(1): 8-15.
Arnett GW, Milam SB, Gottesman L. Progressive mandibular retrusion-idiopathic condylar resorption. Part II. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996; 110(2): 117-127.
Bechtold TE, Saunders C, Decker RS, et al. Osteophyte formation and matrix mineralization in a TMJ osteoarthritis mouse model are associated with ectopic hedgehog signaling. Matrix Biol 2016; 52-54: 339-354.
Cheng P, Ma X, Xue Y, Li S. Osteocalcin and estradiol in synovial fluid of the patients with temporomandibular disorders. J Modern Stomatol 2001; 15(3): 187-190.
Landi N, Lombardi I, Manfredini D, et al. Sexual hormone serum levels and temporomandibular disorders. A preliminary study. Gynecological endocrinology 2005; 20(2): 99-103.
Vernal R, Velasquez E, Gamonal J, Garcia-Sanz JA, Silva A, Sanz M. Expression of proinflammatory cytokines in osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint. Arch Oral Biol 2008; 53(10): 910-915.
Vos LM, Kuijer R, Huddleston Slater JJ, Stegenga B. Alteration of cartilage degeneration and inflammation markers in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis occurs proportionally. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013; 71(10):1659-1664.
Wang XD, Kou XX, Mao JJ, Gan YH, Zhou YH. Sustained inflammation induces degeneration of the temporomandibular joint. J Dent Res 2012; 91(5): 499-505.
Liu J, Dai J, Wang Y, Lai S, Wang S. Significance of new blood vessels in the pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13(5): 2325-2331.
Embree M, Ono M, Kilts T, et al. Role of subchondral bone during early-stage experimental TMJ osteoarthritis. J Dent Res 2011; 90(11): 1331-1338.
Jiao K, Zhang M, Niu L, et al. Overexpressed TGF-beta in subchondral bone leads to mandibular condyle degradation. J Dent Res 2014; 93(2): 140-147.
Ilguy D, Ilguy M, Fisekcioglu E, Dolekoglu S, Ersan N. Articular eminence inclination, height, and condyle morphology on cone beam computed tomography. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014: 761714.
Papachristou DJ, Papachroni KK, Papavassiliou GA, et al. Functional alterations in mechanical loading of condylar cartilage induces changes in the bony subcondylar region. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54(11): 1035-1045.
Koolstra JH. Biomechanical analysis of the influence of friction in jaw joint disorders. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2012; 20(1): 43-48.
Krisjane Z, Urtane I, Krumina G, Neimane L, Ragovska I. The prevalence of TMJ osteoarthritis in asymptomatic patients with dentofacial deformities: a cone-beam CT study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 41(6): 690-695.
Henderson SE, Lowe JR, Tudares MA, Gold MS, Almarza AJ. Temporomandibular joint fibrocartilage degeneration from unilateral dental splints. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60(1): 1-11.
Israel HA. Internal Derangement of the Temporomandibular Joint: New Perspectives on an Old Problem. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2016; 28(3): 313-333.
Henderson SE, Tudares MA, Tashman S, Almarza AJ. Decreased Temporomandibular Joint Range of Motion in a Model of Early Osteoarthritis in the Rabbit. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 73(9): 1695-1705.
Seo YJ, Park SB, Kim YI, Ok SM, Kim SS, Son WS. Effects of condylar head surface changes on mandibular position in patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2015; 43(8): 1380-1383.
White SC, Pharoah MJ. Oral radiology : principles and interpretation. St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby/Elsevier; 2009.
Whaites E, Cawson RA. Essentials of Dental Radiography and Radiology: Churchill Livingstone; 2007.
Ahmad M, Hollender L, Anderson Q, et al. Research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD): development of image analysis criteria and examiner reliability for image analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009; 107(6): 844-860.
Larheim TA, Abrahamsson AK, Kristensen M, Arvidsson LZ. Temporomandibular joint diagnostics using CBCT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2015; 44(1): 20140235.
Lee PP, Stanton AR, Hollender LG. Greater mandibular horizontal condylar angle is associated with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 123(4): 502-507.
Cevidanes LH, Hajati AK, Paniagua B, et al. Quantification of condylar resorption in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2010; 110(1): 110-117.
Gomes LR, Gomes M, Jung B, et al. Diagnostic index of 3D osteoarthritic changes in TMJ condylar morphology. Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng 2015; 9414.
Cevidanes LH, Gomes LR, Jung BT, et al. 3D superimposition and understanding temporomandibular joint arthritis. Orthod Craniofac Res 2015; 18 Suppl 1: 18-28.
Wahaj A, Hafeez K, Zafar MS. Association of bone marrow edema with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis and internal derangements. Cranio 2017; 35(1): 4-9.
Ok SM, Lee J, Kim YI, Lee JY, Kim KB, Jeong SH. Anterior condylar remodeling observed in stabilization splint therapy for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014; 118(3): 363-370.
Machon V, Hirjak D, Lukas J. Therapy of the osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2011; 39(2): 127-130.
Su SC, Tanimoto K, Tanne Y, et al. Celecoxib exerts protective effects on extracellular matrix metabolism of mandibular condylar chondrocytes under excessive mechanical stress. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014; 22(6): 845-851.
Haghighat A, Behnia A, Kaviani N, Khorami B. Evaluation of Glucosamine sulfate and Ibuprofen effects in patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis symptom. J Res Pharm Pract 2013; 2(1): 34-39.
Gohil KJ, Patel JA, Gajjar AK. Pharmacological Review on Centella asiatica: A Potential Herbal Cure-all. Indian J Pharm Sci 2010; 72(5): 546-556.
Leibur E, Jagur O, Voog-Oras U. Temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Stomatologija 2015; 17(4): 113-117.
Fernandez-Ferro M, Fernandez-Sanroman J, Blanco-Carrion A, et al. Comparison of intra-articular injection of plasma rich in growth factors versus hyaluronic acid following arthroscopy in the treatment of temporomandibular dysfunction: A randomised prospective study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2017; 45(4): 449-454.
Israel HA, Behrman DA, Friedman JM, Silberstein J. Rationale for early versus late intervention with arthroscopy for treatment of inflammatory/degenerative temporomandibular joint disorders. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 68(11): 2661-2667.
de Souza RF, Lovato da Silva CH, Nasser M, Fedorowicz Z, Al-Muharraqi MA. Interventions for the management of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2012(4): Cd007261.
Mejersjo C, Wenneberg B. Diclofenac sodium and occlusal splint therapy in TMJ osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of oral rehabilitation 2008; 35(10): 729-738.
Thie NM, Prasad NG, Major PW. Evaluation of glucosamine sulfate compared to ibuprofen for the treatment of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis: a randomized double blind controlled 3 month clinical trial. The Journal of rheumatology 2001; 28(6): 1347-1355.
Bjornland T, Gjaerum AA, Moystad A. Osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint: an evaluation of the effects and complications of corticosteroid injection compared with injection with sodium hyaluronate. Journal of oral rehabilitation 2007; 34(8): 583-589.