Changes in Oral Health-related Quality of Life After Prosthetic Treatment: A Prospective Cohort Study
Objectives: To determine changes in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) after prosthetic treatment, and the associations of OHRQoL, masticatory ability and happiness.
Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study included 70 participants who received prosthetic treatment; complete- (CD), removable partial- (RPD) and fixed partial denture (FPD). Three patient-reported outcomes, including OHRQoL, masticatory ability and happiness, were evaluated before (T0) and after treatment (T1). OHRQoL was interviewed using Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP). Masticatory ability and happiness were assessed using food intake questionnaire and Likert scale. Dependent variables were number of remaining teeth (NT), posterior occluding pairs (POP) and type of prostheses. Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistics at significance level of 0.05. The outcome differences between independent variables within the same period were assessed by using chi-square and Kruskal Wallis tests. The outcome differences between two periods within the same independent variables were assessed by using McNemar and Wilcoxson signed rank tests. The association between OIDP, food intake, and happiness scores were analyzed by using Spearman’s rank correlation.
Results: At T0, percentage of having oral impact was significantly higher in participants with <4 POP (80.6%) or received removable dentures (CD = 88.2%, RPD = 72.2%), compared with those having ≥4 POP (58.8%) or received FPD treatment (47.1%). Food intake score (mean ±s.d.) was lower in whom with <4 POP (23.7 ±4.4) or received CD (21.9 ±4.8), compared with those having ≥4 POP (26.8 ±2.1), or received RPD or FPD treatment (26.3 ±2.8). At T1, OHRQoL and happiness significantly improved, while food intake score increased only in participants with ≥20 NT, <4 POP or received CD. All outcomes were significantly associated.
Conclusions: OHRQoL and happiness improved after prosthetic treatment. ODIP is recommended for assessing priority and outcome of prosthetic treatment, while food intake questionnaire is used only for assessing CD treatment.
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